58022 sc medium accounting mismatch and fund stuck due to dust eth on stargateethpoolstrategy

Submitted on Oct 30th 2025 at 02:50:32 UTC by @Jugger63 for Audit Comp | Alchemix V3

• Report ID: #58022

• Report Type: Smart Contract

• Report severity: Medium

• Target: https://github.com/alchemix-finance/v3-poc/blob/immunefi_audit/src/strategies/optimism/StargateEthPoolStrategy.sol

• Impacts:

  • Temporary freezing of funds for at least 24 hour

  • Permanent freezing of funds

Description

Finding description

In StargateEthPoolStrategy the _allocation() function:

uint256 amountToDeposit = (amount / 1e12) * 1e12;   // rounded down
uint256 dust           = amount - amountToDeposit;  // remaining dust

pool.deposit{value: amountToDeposit}(address(this), amountToDeposit);
return amount;                                      // ← Refund full amount!

The contract unwraps WETH to ETH, then only the amountToDeposit (a multiple of 1e12) is actually sent to the pool, leaving the dust ETH (≤ 1e12-1 wei) in the contract. The function still returns amount, so the Morpho Vault (caller) records an allocation of amount, not amountToDeposit. The realAssets() function simply returns pool.redeemable(address(this)), so the dust ETH is never accounted for in the strategy's real asset reporting. This results in an accounting discrepancy between the allocation held by the vault and the real value of the assets redeemable by the strategy.

Impact

Allocation > realAssets() causes the vault to believe the strategy holds more assets than it actually does. When the vault wants to withdraw (deallocate) the allocation amount, the strategy must redeem LP equal to amountToDeposit and make up the difference by wrapping dust ETH into WET. If the dust is insufficient, the following check is performed:

require(TokenUtils.safeBalanceOf(address(weth), address(this)) >= amount,
        "Strategy balance is less than the amount needed");

will fail and the transaction-deallocation revert and vault funds may get stuck until the admin performs manual intervention.

Recommendation

Return amountToDeposit (the real value deposited) from _allocate and immediately rewrap dust to WETH or at least include dust in the realAssets() calculation so that accounting is always consistent.

function _allocate(uint256 amount) internal override returns (uint256) {
    uint256 dust = amount - amountToDeposit;

    if (dust > 0) {
        emit StrategyAllocationLoss("Strategy allocation loss due to rounding.", amount, amountToDeposit);

+       // Re-wrap dust to be recorded as WETH so it is counted in realAssets()
+       weth.deposit{value: dust}();
+   }
 
    pool.deposit{value: amountToDeposit}(address(this), amountToDeposit);
-   return amount;                       // ← Wrong
+   // Only the value actually deposited is reported to the vault
+   return amountToDeposit;              // ← Correct
}
 
function realAssets() external view override returns (uint256) {
-   // Best available helper: "how much underlying can we redeem right now"
-   return pool.redeemable(address(this));
+   // Add any remaining WETH (rewrapped dust)
+   return pool.redeemable(address(this))
+       + TokenUtils.safeBalanceOf(address(weth), address(this));
}

Reference

• https://github.com/alchemix-finance/v3-poc/blob/a192ab313c81ba3ab621d9ca1ee000110fbdd1e9/src/strategies/optimism/StargateEthPoolStrategy.sol#L46-L47

• https://github.com/alchemix-finance/v3-poc/blob/a192ab313c81ba3ab621d9ca1ee000110fbdd1e9/src/strategies/optimism/StargateEthPoolStrategy.sol#L51-L52

• https://github.com/alchemix-finance/v3-poc/blob/a192ab313c81ba3ab621d9ca1ee000110fbdd1e9/src/strategies/optimism/StargateEthPoolStrategy.sol#L79

Proof of Concept

Scenario Considerations

1. User/vault allocates 1.000000001234567 ETH in WETH.

2. _allocate:

• amountToDeposit = 1.000000001000000 ETH (rounded)

• dust = 0.000000000234567 ETH is deposited in the contract.

• The function returns 1.000000001234567 ETH. The vault increases the allocation by this amount.

1. realAssets() reports only 1.000000001000000 ETH. The difference of 234,567 wei is not recorded.

2. In the future, the vault calls deallocate(1.000000001234567 ETH).

3. The strategy can only redeem 1.000000001000000 ETH from the pool and attempts to cover 234567 wei with dust.

4. If the dust is insufficient → require fails → revert → vault cannot withdraw funds → funds stuck.

POC

Add to StargateEthPoolStrategy.t.sol.

// _allocate() returns the full amount, but only deposits amountToDeposit
// realAssets() does not include leftover ETH dust
function test_allocate_accounting_mismatch_dust_not_counted() public {
    // Setup: Allocate an amount that produces dust (not a multiple of 1e12)
    // Example: 1.000000001234567 ETH
    uint256 amountToAllocate = 1e18 + 1234567; // 1.000000001234567 ETH
    
    // Calculate expected dust
    uint256 amountToDeposit = (amountToAllocate / 1e12) * 1e12;
    uint256 expectedDust = amountToAllocate - amountToDeposit;
    
    // Verify dust > 0
    assertGt(expectedDust, 0, "Dust must be > 0 for this test");
    
    // Setup: Deal WETH to the strategy
    vm.startPrank(vault);
    deal(WETH, strategy, amountToAllocate);
    
    // Verify WETH balance before allocation
    uint256 wethBalanceBefore = TokenUtils.safeBalanceOf(WETH, strategy);
    assertEq(wethBalanceBefore, amountToAllocate, "WETH balance must equal amountToAllocate");
    
    // Verify ETH balance before allocation (should be 0)
    uint256 ethBalanceBefore = address(strategy).balance;
    assertEq(ethBalanceBefore, 0, "ETH balance must be 0 before allocation");
    
    // Perform allocation
    bytes memory prevAllocationAmount = abi.encode(0);
    (bytes32[] memory strategyIds, int256 change) = IMYTStrategy(strategy).allocate(
        prevAllocationAmount, 
        amountToAllocate, 
        "", 
        address(vault)
    );
            
    // 1. Verify that allocate() returns the full amount (not amountToDeposit)
    int256 expectedChange = int256(amountToAllocate);
    assertEq(change, expectedChange, "allocate() must return full amount");
    
    // 2. Verify that ETH dust remains in the contract
    uint256 ethBalanceAfter = address(strategy).balance;
    assertEq(ethBalanceAfter, expectedDust, "ETH dust must remain in the contract");
    
    // 3. Verify that realAssets() does NOT count the ETH dust
    uint256 realAssets = IMYTStrategy(strategy).realAssets();
    
    // realAssets() only counts redeemable assets from the pool, excluding ETH dust
    // Therefore, realAssets() < amountToAllocate by approximately expectedDust
    uint256 expectedRealAssets = amountToDeposit; // Only the amount actually deposited into the pool
    assertApproxEqAbs(realAssets, expectedRealAssets, 1e12, 
        "realAssets() must approximate amountToDeposit (excluding dust)");
    
    // 4. Verify ACCOUNTING MISMATCH
    // Vault considers allocation = amountToAllocate
    // But realAssets() = amountToDeposit
    // Difference = expectedDust
    uint256 mismatch = amountToAllocate - realAssets;
    assertEq(mismatch, expectedDust, 
        "Mismatch between allocation and realAssets must equal dust");
    
    // 5. Verify that ETH dust is not wrapped into WETH
    uint256 wethBalanceAfterAllocate = TokenUtils.safeBalanceOf(WETH, strategy);
    assertEq(wethBalanceAfterAllocate, 0, 
        "WETH balance must be 0 (everything unwrapped and deposited)");
    
    vm.stopPrank();
}

// Verify that this mismatch can cause deallocation to fail
// with the error "Strategy balance is less than the amount needed"
function test_allocate_mismatch_causes_deallocate_failure() public {
    // Setup: Allocate with dust
    uint256 amountToAllocate = 1e18 + 5000000; // Amount that produces dust
    uint256 amountToDeposit = (amountToAllocate / 1e12) * 1e12;
    uint256 expectedDust = amountToAllocate - amountToDeposit;
    
    vm.startPrank(vault);
    deal(WETH, strategy, amountToAllocate);
    
    // Allocate
    bytes memory prevAllocationAmount = abi.encode(0);
    IMYTStrategy(strategy).allocate(prevAllocationAmount, amountToAllocate, "", address(vault));
    
    // Verify post-allocation state
    uint256 realAssetsAfterAllocate = IMYTStrategy(strategy).realAssets();
    uint256 ethDustInContract = address(strategy).balance;
    
    assertEq(ethDustInContract, expectedDust, "Dust must remain");
    assertLt(realAssetsAfterAllocate, amountToAllocate, 
        "realAssets < allocation (mismatch)");
    
    // Now attempt to deallocate the full amount that the vault believes is allocated
    // This triggers a mismatch because:
    // - Vault requests deallocate(amountToAllocate)
    // - Pool only has redeemable assets ≈ amountToDeposit
    // - Strategy must cover the shortfall using ETH dust
    // - But dust is not wrapped into WETH, so require(WETH >= amount) will fail
    
    bytes memory prevAllocationAmount2 = abi.encode(amountToAllocate);
    
    // Deallocation will revert with "Strategy balance is less than the amount needed"
    // because:
    // 1. Pool redemption only provides amountToDeposit ETH
    // 2. ETH dust in the contract is not wrapped into WETH
    // 3. Total WETH available for approval < amountToAllocate requested
    vm.expectRevert(bytes("Strategy balance is less than the amount needed"));
    
    // Deallocate full amount
    // This will attempt to redeem from the pool, but the pool only holds amountToDeposit
    // The ETH dust cannot be used directly because it’s not wrapped
    IMYTStrategy(strategy).deallocate(
        prevAllocationAmount2, 
        amountToAllocate, 
        "", 
        address(vault)
    );
    
    vm.stopPrank();
}